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Communion (chant)
The Communion ((ラテン語:communio); ) is a refrain sung with psalm recitation during the distribution of the Eucharist—which is the Anaphora, the oldest part of the Divine Liturgy or Mass. As chant it was connected with the ritual act of Christian communion.
== The Koinonikon Cycle of the Divine Liturgy in Orthodox rites ==
According to Dimitri Conomos the Koinonikon (κοινωνικόν), as it is sung as an elaborated communion chant during the Divine Liturgy, has derived from an early practice of psalm recitation similar to Western liturgies, when the ''Koinonikon'' served as a troparion.〔Dimitri Conomos (1985).〕 The oldest troparion which was used for communion, was "Γεύσασθε καὶ ἴδετε" ("O taste and see that the Lord is good", Ps. 33.9). It was supposed to symbolize the last supper celebrated on Maundy Thursday. During the 5th century, when the Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts had established and this communion chant became associated with it, the custom spread over the Lenten period, presumably with the recitation of different psalm sections (''staseis'').
In the early ''Asmatika'' (12th and 13th century), the choirbook of the cathedral rite, this koinonikon is classified as ''echos protos'' (transcribed as ''a—α′'') according to the modal signatures of the Octoechos, but its archaic melos does not finish on the ''finalis'' and ''basis'' of this echos, but with the one (phthongos) of ''echos plagios devteros'' (transcribed as ''E—πλβ′'').〔See transcription of Ms. Γ. 3 (fol. 9)—an Asmatikon of the Great Lavra Monastery on Mount Athos (Conomos 1980, p. 259, ex. 4).〕
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